EUCALYPTUS- A LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS WASTE AS A MAJOR SOURCE IN BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

Bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass like eucalyptus leaves to ethanol production depends on the chemical complexity of biomass. Thus, such biomasses play a challenge to be used as feed stocks for cellulosic ethanol production. The complexity of the biomass can be simplified by pretreatment which may remove or modify the surrounding matrix of lignin and hemicellulose prior to the enzymatic hydrolysis of the polysaccharides in the biomass. Pretreatment is a process that converts lignocellulosic biomass from its native form to a form were cellulose hydrolysis is much more effective. In general, pretreatment methods can be classified into three categories, including physical, chemical, and biological pretreatment. The present investigation deals with the isolation of commercially important bacteria from marine sources which have the potential to breakdown lignocellulosic biomasses. The isolates were screened and the organism exhibiting maximum biodegradation capacity against the substrate was identified as Bacillus pumilus. Different agrowaste were degraded using the isolate and eucalyptus was found to be one of the substrates having the potential to yield high amount of simple sugars which could be used for the production of ethanol by S. cerevisiae. This ability of degradation was enhanced by the pretreatment of Eucalyptus leaves in preparation for enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation for cellulosic ethanol production.

Key Words: Bioethanol, Lignocellulose, Cellulase, Eucalyptus, Bacillus pumilus.

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